Toyota’s hybrid system, called Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD) or previously Toyota Hybrid System (THS), has gone through several generations of improvement since its introduction in 1997 with the Prius. Each generation improves on fuel efficiency, performance, and features.
Toyota hybrid generations Explained
1st Gen (1997-2003)
- The original Prius, a sedan with a 1.5L engine.
- Achieved 41 mpg combined, much higher than other Toyota sedans.
- Standard features included AC and electric power steering.
- Limited cargo space due to the battery pack.
2nd Gen (2003-2009):
- Complete redesign: 5-door liftback, more luggage and legroom.
- Introduced the signature “triangle silhouette” for better aerodynamics.
- More fuel-efficient than the 1st gen with 46 mpg combined.
- Toyota Hybrid System II replaced the original system.
3rd Gen (2009-2015):
- Grew in size with a 1.8L engine and offered 50 mpg combined.
- Introduced the first Prius plug-in hybrid with an 11-mile electric range.
- Redesigned with a more aerodynamic double-wave roof.
- Offered variants: Prius V (wagon) for more cargo space and Prius C (subcompact).
- Added features like touch-screen stereo, Bluetooth, and optional solar panel.
4th Gen (2015-2022):
- Most fuel-efficient Prius yet (without plug-in) at 56 mpg combined.
- Introduced standard LED headlights and double-wishbone rear suspension.
- First AWD Prius model available.
- Separate plug-in hybrid became the Prius Prime with 25 miles electric range.
- Larger touchscreens and standard Toyota Safety Sense features were introduced.
5th Gen (2023-Present)
- All-new styling with improved fuel economy (57 mpg combined for FWD).
- Optional AWD model with a permanent magnet rear electric motor.
- Standard 8-inch touchscreen with Apple CarPlay and Android Auto (larger available).
- Plug-in Prius Prime offered with increased electric range (44 miles) and solar panel option.
